KCP Air Abrasion

Dental Health Without the Drill

Air abrasion is a drill-less technique that we use mainly to remove tooth decay and for other applications as well.

How Does Air Abrasion Work?

During air abrasion, an instrument that works like a mini-sandblaster is used to remove decay. A fine stream of particles is aimed at the decayed portion of the tooth. These particles are made of aluminum oxide and are propelled toward the tooth surface by compressed air that runs through the dental handpiece. Small particles of decay on the tooth surface are removed as the stream of particles strikes them.

Is Air Abrasion Safe?

Yes, air abrasion is safe. The only precautions needed before air abrasion are protective eyewear (to prevent eye irritation from the spray) and the use of a rubber dam (a rubber sheet that fits around teeth) to protect areas of the mouth that aren't being treated. The suctioning of particles also prevents them from being breathed into the lungs.

What Are the Advantages of Air Abrasion?

Compared with the traditional drilling method, the advantages of air abrasion include the following:

• Air abrasion generates no heat, sound, pressure, or vibration
• Air abrasion reduces the need for anesthesia, particularly if the cavity is shallow; this allows the dentist to treat multiple sites in the mouth during a single visit
• Air abrasion is conservative - much more of the healthy tooth structure  remains
• Air abrasion leaves the working area relatively dry, which is an advantage during the placement of composite fillings
• Air abrasion reduces the risk of micro-fracturing and chipping of the tooth (compared to the drill), which some experts believe can lead to premature restorative failures
• The procedure is relatively simple, quick and, most importantly, relatively painless

What Are the Disadvantages?

• Air abrasion is not necessarily totally painless. The air and the abrasive material can cause sensitivity.
• Air abrasion is not recommended for deep cavities (those close to the tooth's pulp). It is best suited for removing small cavities that form early on the surface of teeth.
• Only composite filling material can be used following air abrasion because it adheres well to the smooth surface created by the air abrasion (amalgam or silver fillings require drill-based cuts to prevent the filling from falling out).

Who Are the Best Candidates for Air Abrasion Procedures?

Air abrasion is ideal for use in children, especially during the placement of sealants, and adults who may be fearful and have minimal decay.

What Other Types of Procedures Are Performed With Air Abrasion?

Air abrasion can also be used to:

• Remove old composite restorations (but not metallic restorations such as silver amalgam fillings)
• Prepare a tooth surface for bonding or sealants
• Remove superficial stains and tooth discolorations